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China education
Opinion
Ni Tao

Opinion | China’s education crackdown is a welcome move away from a profit-obsessed growth model

  • Despite the temptation to see the edtech squeeze as a harbinger of stronger regulatory headwinds, it is in fact more of an epiphany
  • The merits of entrepreneurship and equity financing will increasingly be judged by how they benefit or undermine China’s development

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Illustration: Stephen Case

No industry’s fortunes have perhaps declined more precipitously than China’s education technology, or edtech, sector in the past year. Its leading players were jubilant around this time last year, buoyed by fresh rounds of funding as though the tap would never run dry.

Private equity firms injected 103.4 billion yuan (US$15.9 billion) into the sector last year, according to itjuzi.com, a start-up-focused media outlet. K-12 education service providers alone received 46 billion yuan in funding, with industry heavyweights Yuanfudao and Zuoyebang getting the lion’s share (a whopping 38 billion yuan).
However, all the optimism evaporated when the Ministry of Education announced a directive to further lighten the burden on students in compulsory education as a result of school assignments and after-school tutoring.
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Spooked by Beijing’s “sudden” crackdown on the edtech sector, the market reacted quickly and stocks of US-listed firms such as New Oriental and TAL Education tumbled by 54 per cent and 70 per cent respectively.

But market-watchers who look more closely will see that the move was not so sudden or rash. A major industry shake-up had been in the making long before the clampdown. The writing was on the wall, but only a very small number took note.

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A message that went viral in WeChat groups recently hinted at what might really have prompted the edtech debacle. At a conference on education in September 2018, President Xi Jinping issued a sternly worded reprimand to after-school tutoring operators, criticising them for breaching rules governing education and student development.

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