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China manufacturing
EconomyChina Economy

How China’s ‘Hefei model’ spawned a chipmaker’s multibillion-dollar IPO plan

City government has leveraged over 220 billion yuan in state-owned capital to drive project investment in emerging industrial clusters

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Illustration: Henry Wong
Ann Caoin Hefei, Anhui province

At Changxin Memory Technologies’ headquarters in Hefei, the capital of central China’s Anhui province, the sprawling production facilities seem to reflect a broader, citywide optimism.

For years, the factory was the quiet epicentre of a high-stakes gamble in China’s semiconductor self-sufficiency drive. Today, it is the site of a historic vindication, as the company – better known as CXMT – pushes for a massive initial public offering on Shanghai’s Nasdaq-style Star Market that promises to be one of the country’s most consequential tech listings.

While pre-IPO estimates value the chipmaker at roughly 150 billion yuan (US$22.2 billion), market analysts project that once public trading begins, CXMT’s market capitalisation could exceed 1 trillion yuan, providing the ultimate validation of the “Hefei model”.

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Formerly dubbed “China’s most aggressive venture capitalist”, Hefei’s city government provided enormous backing for CXMT’s quest to become a top memory chipmaker, helping to make the city a poster child for China’s technological progress.

A magnet for tech firms

The rise of Hefei’s tech ecosystem is rooted in an extraordinary tolerance for long-term, capital-intensive bets. When CXMT founder Zhu Yiming set his sights on the dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) sector in 2016, private investors deemed the sector too risky, balking at the high starting costs and the formidable technical moats guarded by foreign giants like South Korea’s Samsung and SK Hynix.
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Hefei, however, stepped in with conviction. In 2016, the city took an 80 per cent stake in the first phase of a 12-inch memory wafer manufacturing base project that cost 150 billion yuan – Anhui’s largest single industrial investment project at the time.

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