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Lessons from China's history
LifestyleChinese culture
Wee Kek Koon

Reflections | As Kim Jong-un grooms daughter to rule, a Chinese princess whose ambition backfired

Princess Anle’s radical petition to inherit the throne set in motion a chain of events that would see her decapitated in her own boudoir

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North Korean leader Kim Jong-un sits next to his teenage daughter, Kim Ju-ae, who is thought to be his likely successor as the country’s supreme leader. In ancient China, one princess with ambitions of ruling the country became a cautionary tale. Photo: EPA-EFE/KCNA

South Korea’s intelligence agency has signalled what could be a historic turn in North Korea’s dynastic politics.

Lawmakers were recently told that supreme leader Kim Jong-un’s teenage daughter, whose name is widely believed to be Kim Ju-ae, is being positioned as his likely successor. If confirmed, the move would extend the Kim family’s rule into a fourth generation and, more strikingly, elevate a girl within a rigidly patriarchal society and political system.

Her public profile has risen steadily. She first drew attention at a long-range missile test in 2022 and has since appeared beside her father at military parades, weapons inspections and diplomatic engagements, including a high-profile visit to Beijing in 2025.

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This year, her presence with her parents at the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun – the mausoleum of her grandfather and great-grandfather, North Korea’s founding leaders – intensified speculation that she is being groomed for succession. Pyongyang has never formally named an heir, but symbolism in the secretive regime is rarely accidental.

Kim Jong-un, his wife Ri Sol-ju (in grey jacket) and their daughter Kim Ju-ae (centre) visit the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun to mark the New Year in Pyongyang, North Korea, on January 1, 2026. Photo: KCNA via Reuters
Kim Jong-un, his wife Ri Sol-ju (in grey jacket) and their daughter Kim Ju-ae (centre) visit the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun to mark the New Year in Pyongyang, North Korea, on January 1, 2026. Photo: KCNA via Reuters

Were she to inherit power, she would not be the first woman to stand at the apex of an East Asian state, but history offers few precedents.

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In China’s long imperial past, only one woman ruled in her own right: Empress Wu Zetian. Reigning from 690 to 705, she overturned convention to proclaim herself huangdi, or emperor.
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