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Chinese archaeologists discover well-preserved section of 2,200-year-old 4-lane highway

Stretch of Qin Straight Road reveals sophisticated construction techniques including rammed-earth slope reinforcements and filled valleys

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A previously identified section of the road. Archaelogists are slowly piecing togther the whole route. Photo: Handout
Shi Huang

Chinese archaeologists have uncovered a stretch of the celebrated Qin Straight Road, one of the most ambitious infrastructure projects in human history.

The discovery of the 13km (8-mile) stretch offers fresh evidence of the 2,200-year-old “highway” that once spanned nearly 900km across northern China.

It was unveiled on December 9, following a survey launched last year by the Cultural Heritage Protection and Research Institute of Yulin, in northwest China’s Shaanxi province.

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According to historical records, the Qin Straight Road was built under the orders of Qin Shi Huang, China’s first emperor, and completed in just five years.

Excavations have revealed sophisticated construction techniques, such as trench passes aligned in a straight line, rammed-earth slope reinforcements, compacted roadbeds and filled valleys. It averaged about 40 metres (130 feet) in width – enough space for four lanes of traffic.

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Historical records described how workers “filled valleys and levelled mountains” to create a direct north-south corridor from Xianyang, the capital of the Qin dynasty (221-207BC) in modern-day Shaanxi, to Jiuyuan, now the city of Baotou in northern Inner Mongolia, enabling rapid military deployment against the Xiongnu nomads.
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