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Solar fish pond devices boost growth with less labour in San Tin, Hong Kong

A University of Hong Kong team has designed innovative structures that modernise traditional aquaculture while creating public spaces

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The artificial landscape supports the natural ecosystem and improves the economic efficiency of the fishpond operators. Photo: Donn Holohan
Christopher DeWolf
For nearly a century, farmers in the northern New Territories have cultivated fish ponds to supply fresh seafood to Hong Kong markets. But with the Northern Metropolis project set to transform vast areas into housing, industrial zones and office space, this local form of aquaculture might soon disappear.

What if there were a way for these fish ponds to coexist with new developments, serving vital ecological, economic and recreational functions for the future residents of the Northern Metropolis?

Deep Bay Wetlands Outer Ramsar Site, with San Tin on the right. Photo: Jersey Poon
Deep Bay Wetlands Outer Ramsar Site, with San Tin on the right. Photo: Jersey Poon

This is a question that a University of Hong Kong team has set out to explore. “We’re looking to find a strategy that can balance maintaining a viable fish pond operation but also create a place that’s enjoyable for the public to engage with the landscape,” says Joshua Bolchover, professor of architecture at HKU.

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Since 2021, Bolchover has led the team behind Artificially Natural, a pilot project that seeks to make fish farming more environmentally sustainable while also creating a destination for the public to enjoy the ponds and the migratory birds they attract each winter.
We didn’t want it to blend in. We wanted it to have a presence
Joshua Bolchover

Working alongside architects Jersey Poon and Donn Holohan, and landscape designer Lu Xiaoxuan, Bolchover has collaborated with villagers to chart a new course for the 600 hectares of fish ponds around San Tin, near the Shenzhen border and in the former Frontier Closed Area, established by the colonial British government to restrict movement across the border. They have installed three innovative structures that replace oil generators with solar power, enabling feeding, irrigation and aeration of the ponds, in addition to collecting their harvest. “It sounds really simple,” says Bolchover, “but this was a long, drawn-out, arduous project.”

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