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Yellowstone, America’s first national park, heeds the call of the wild

The evolution of Yellowstone is an experiment in ecological restoration starring wild wolves and bison

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Coyotes, which come lower down the carnivore hierarchy than wolves, are a familiar sight in Yellowstone National Park. Photo: Daniel Allen
Daniel Allen
It’s just before sunrise in Yellowstone National Park and the ground is encrusted with frost – a reminder that autumn will soon succumb to the frigid embrace of a Wyoming winter. Here in the American West, it can snow as early as September.

The distinctive, far-off yipping of a coyote reverberates off the hillsides, the undulating outlines of which are still shrouded in semi-darkness.

Sunrise over Yellowstone National Park. Photo: Daniel Allen
Sunrise over Yellowstone National Park. Photo: Daniel Allen

Despite the early hour, a small but growing group of people gathers on a bank overlooking the silvery ribbon of Buffalo Creek. All eyes, binoculars and telephoto lenses are directed towards a bend in the river, where a black lump sits motionless in the middle of the water, barely visible in the misty twilight.

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“Dead buffalo bull,” whispers Hunter Graham, a wildlife guide who escorts tourists through the park all year round. “Look what’s on its back.”

Wolf-watching is a hugely popular activity in Yellowstone National Park and draws plenty of photographers. Photo: Daniel Allen
Wolf-watching is a hugely popular activity in Yellowstone National Park and draws plenty of photographers. Photo: Daniel Allen

Standing on the half-eaten carcass is a jet-black female wolf, ears erect, almond eyes shining like liquid green fire. She stares at the hushed tourists for a full minute, then turns to chase off an impudent magpie and resumes tugging at a piece of hide. A bald eagle lands in a nearby tree, waiting for an opportunity to scavenge.

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As a representative of the well-known Junction Butte pack, the young female captivates onlookers for a full 15 minutes, before trotting off downriver as dawn finally breaks. Yellowstone’s reputation as one of the best places to see apex predators in the wild has been upheld for another day.

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